Practice 50 CFA Level I Corporate Finance & Portfolio Management calculation questions with answers and detailed explanations. Test your knowledge of key concepts, review step-by-step solutions, and strengthen your understanding of essential formulas and calculations for the CFA exam.
| Investment | Return | Beta |
| ———- | —— | —- |
| Kappa Fund | 9% | 1.1 |
| Gamma Fund | 14% | 2.9 |
If the risk-free rate is 3%, the difference in Treynor ratios between the two funds is:
Answer
A. 1.66.
Explanation
Treynor = (Rp – Rf) / βp
Treynor Kappa = (9 – 3) / 1.1 = 5.45
Treynor Gamma = (14 – 3) / 2.9 = 3.79
Difference = 5.45 – 3.79 = 1.66
| Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| ——— | ——–: | ——-: | ——: | ——-: | ——-: | ——: |
| Cash flow | –$32,000 | $19,000 | $6,000 | $12,000 | $14,000 | $3,000 |
If Beta Corporation’s required rate of return is 6%, the project’s net present value (NPV) is:
Answer
B. $14,671.02.
Explanation
NPV = CF₀ + CF₁ / (1 + r)¹ + CF₂ / (1 + r)² + CF₃ / (1 + r)³ + CF₄ / (1 + r)⁴ + CF₅ / (1 + r)⁵
NPV = -$32,000 + $19,000 / (1.06)¹ + $6,000 / (1.06)² + $12,000 / (1.06)³ + $14,000 / (1.06)⁴ + $3,000 / (1.06)⁵
NPV = -$32,000 + $17,924.53 + $5,339.98 + $10,075.43 + $11,089.31 + $2,241.77
NPV = $14,671.02
Answer
C. 6.11%.
Explanation
Bond equivalent yield = [(Face value – Purchase price) /Purchase price](365/Days tomaturity)
Bond equivalent yield = [($10,000 – $9,850) /$9,850](365/91) = 0.0611 = 6.11%
the same time period is 18%, and the risk-free rate is 6%. If the beta of Shelley’s portfolio
is 0.75, the portfolio’s alpha is:
Answer
C. 0.01.
Explanation
αₚ = Rₚ – [R_f + βₚ(R_m – R_f)]
αₚ = 0.16 – [0.06 + 0.75(0.18 – 0.06)] = 0.01
Answer
C. 16.94%.
Explanation
Step 1: β_L = (B_U)[1 + (1 – t)(D/E)]
β_L = (1.95)[1 + (1 – 0.30)(0.09)] = 2.0729
Step 2: Cost of equity capital = R_f + β_L(ERP)
Cost of equity capital = 0.045 + (2.0729)(0.06) = 0.1694 = 16.94%
Year 1: $80
Year 2: $110
Year 3: $120
If the required rate of return is 12%, the investment’s net present value (NPV) is:
Answer
A. $44.53.
Explanation
NPV = CF₀ + CF₁ / (1 + IRR)¹ + CF₂ / (1 + IRR)² + CF₃ / (1 + IRR)³
NPV = -$200 + $80 / (1.12) + $110 / (1.12)² + $120 / (1.12)³
NPV = -$200 + $71.43 + $87.69 + $85.41 = $44.53
Delta Corporation provides the following information regarding its corporate bank account:
Total deposits forthe month $18,938,374
Number of days in month 30
Average daily float $946,900
Based on the information provided, the average daily deposit for Delta Corporation’s
bank account is:
Answer
B. $631,279.13.
Explanation
Average daily deposit = Total monthly deposits/Number of days in month
Average daily deposit = $18,938,374/30 days = $631,279.13
Answer
A. 1.5.
Explanation
Float factor = Average daily float/Average daily deposit
Float factor = $946,900/$631,279.13 = 1.50
Answer
B. $40,000.
Explanation
Step 1: Current ratio = Current assets /Current liabilities
3.0 = Current assets/$80,000
Current assets = $240,000
Step 2: Quick ratio = (Current assets – Inventory) /Current liabilities
2.5 = ($240,000 – Inventory)/$80,000
Inventory = $40,000
Answer
C. 1.91
Explanation
Treynor = (Rₚ – R_f) / βₚ
4.71 = (11 – 2) / βₚ
βₚ = 1.91
Answer
C. 0.8.
Explanation
Step 1: PV = A/r
PV = $8,000/0.05 = $160,000
Step 2: PI = PV/Investment
PI = $160,000/$200,000 = 0.8
| Security | Security Weight (%) | Expected Standard Deviation (%) |
| — | — | — |
| Security A | 45 | 9 |
| Security B | 55 | 7 |
If the standard deviation of the portfolio is 7.9%, the covariance between the two securities is:
Answer
B. 0.2475.
Explanation
Step 1: Weighted average = W_A R_A + W_B R_B
Weighted average = (0.45)(0.09) + (0.55)(0.07) = 0.079 = 7.9%
Because the standard deviation (7.9%) equals the weighted average, the correlation between the securities is 1.0.
Step 2: Cov = (ρ_AB)(σ_A)(σ_B)
Cov = (1.0)(.45)(.55) = 0.2475
Theta Corporation is investing $900,000 in a new production facility. The present value of the future after-tax cash flows is estimated to be $950,000. Theta Corporation currently has 80,000 outstanding shares with a current market price of $14.00 per share.
Based on the information provided, the value of Theta Corporation after the investment is:
Answer
B. $1,170,000.
Explanation
現金流出:
NPV = Present value of inflows – Present value of outflows
NPV = $950,000 – $900,000 = $50,000
Step 2: Value of company prior to investment = ($14.00)(80,000 shares) = $1,120,000
Step 3: Value of company after investment = $1,120,000 + $50,000 = $1,170,000
Answer
A. $14.63.
Explanation
Step 1: NPV = Present value of inflows — Present value of outflows
NPV = $950,000 – $900,000 = $50,000
Step 2: Increase in price per share = $50,000/80,000 shares = $0.63
Step 3: New share price = $14.00 + $0.63 = $14.63
Answer
C. $50.
Explanation
Po = D_1/(r-g)
Py = $5/(0.10) = $50
Shares outstanding before buyback 2.5 million
Earnings per share before buyback $2.25
Share price at time of buyback $46.50
After-tax cost of borrowing 9%
Lambda Corporation’s earnings per share (EPS) after the buyback will be:
Answer
B. $2.19.
Explanation
Step 1: Total earnings before buyback: ($2.25)(2,500,000 shares) = $5,625,000
Step 2: Total amount borrowed: ($46.50)(80,000 shares) = $3,720,000
Step 3: After-tax cost of borrowing: ($3,720,000) (0.09) = $334,800
Step 4: Shares after buyback: 2,500,000 shares – 80,000 shares = 2,420,000 shares Step 5: EPS after buyback: ($5,625,000 – $334,800) /2,420,000 shares = $2.19
Answer
C. $37.50.
Explanation
Po = D_1/(r – g)
Po = $3/(0.12 – 0.04) = $37.50
Answer
B. 8.22%.
Explanation
Cost of equity capital = R_f + β_L(ERP)
Cost of equity capital = 0.035 + (0.8)(0.059) = 0.0822 = 8.22%
dividend payout of 50%, the company’s net profit margin is:
Answer
C. 11.97%.
Explanation
Net profit margin = [(Earnings before tax)(1 – t)]/Sales
Net profit margin = [(0.193) (Sales) (1 – 0.38)]/Sales
Net profit margin = (0.193)(0.62) = 0.1197 = 11.97%
Alpha Inc. provides the following information at their annual shareholder meeting:
| | Current Year | Next Year’s Forecast |
| — | — | — |
| **Book value of debt** | $48,000 | $54,000 |
| **Market value of debt** | $75,000 | $79,000 |
| **Book value of shareholders’ equity** | $66,000 | $70,000 |
| **Market value of shareholders’ equity** | $310,000 | $325,000 |
Based on the information provided, the weight that should be applied in estimating Al- pha Inc.’s cost of capital for debt is:
Answer
C. 0.196.
Explanation
W_d = Market value of debt/(Market value of shareholders’ equity + Market value of debt)
W_d = $79,000/($325,000 + $79,000) = 0.196
Answer
A. 0.804.
Explanation
W_e = Market value of shareholders’ equity/(Market value of shareholders’ equity + Market value of debt)
W_e = $325,000/($325,000 + $79,000) = 0.804
Answer
B. 10.34%.
Explanation
S_h = (R_p – R_f) / S_p
0.76 = (R_p – 3.5) / 9
R_p = 10.34%
Answer
B. 10.53%.
Explanation
WACC = w_d r_d(1 – t) + w_p r_p + w_e r_e
WACC = (0.25)(0.06)(1 – 0.35) + (0.2)(0.12) + (0.55)(0.13)
WACC = 0.00975 + 0.024 + 0.0715 = 0.1053 = 10.53%
Answer
A. 13.93%.
Explanation
Step 1: g = (1 – Dividend payout ratio)(ROE)
g = (1 – 0.25)(0.10) = 0.075
Step 2: P_0 = D_1/(r – g)
$70 = $4.50/(r – 0.075)
r = 0.1393 = 13.93%
Answer
B. 5.6%.
Explanation
After-tax cost of debt = r_d(1 – t)
After-tax cost of debt = (0.08) (1 – 0.3) = 0.056 = 5.6%
Zeta Manufacturing Company provides the following information for the fiscal year:
Number of units produced and sold 300,000
Sales price per unit $250
Variable cost per unit $95
Fixed operating cost $6,200,000
Fixed financing expense $1,400,000
The degree of operating leverage at unit sales of 300,000 is:
Answer
A. 1.15.
Explanation
DOL = Q(P – V) / [Q(P – V) – F]
DOL = [300,000($250 – $95)] / [300,000($250 – $95) – $6,200,000] = 46,500,000 / 40,300,000 = 1.15
Answer
B. 1.04.
Explanation
DFL = [Q(P – V) – F] / [Q(P – V) – F – C]
DFL = [300,000($250 – $95) – $6,200,000] / [300,000($250 – $95) – $6,200,000 – $1,400,000] = 40,300,000 / 38,900,000 = 1.04
Answer
B. 30,967.74.
Explanation
Q_BE = (F + C) / (P – V)
Q_BE = ($6,200,000 – $1,400,000) / ($250 – $95) = $4,800,000 / $155 = 30,967.74 units
| Mutual Fund | Time Since Inception | Return Since Inception (%) |
| — | — | — |
| **Theta Fund** | 211 days | 3.98 |
| **Kappa Fund** | 14 months | 8.11 |
The difference in the annualized rate of return between the two mutual funds is:
Answer
A. 0.07%.
Explanation
r_annual = (1 + r_period)^c – 1
r_Theta = (1.0398)^(365/211) – 1 = 0.0698 = 6.98%
r_Kappa = (1.0811)^(12/14) – 1 = 0.0691 = 6.91%
Difference = 6.98% – 6.91% = 0.07%
Answer
B. $893.75.
Explanation
Discount interest = (0.033)(5/12)($65,000) = $893.75
Linda, an investment analyst, is reviewing a security valued at $500,000 that pays 6.25% interest with two months remaining to maturity.
The security has a current value of:
Answer
C. $494,791.67.
Explanation
Current value = $500,000 – [(0.0625)(2/12)($500,000)]
Current value = $500,000 – $5,208.33 = $494,791.67
Answer
B. 12.63%.
Explanation
Yield = [($500,000 – $494,791.67) / $494,791.67] x 12 = 0.1263 = 12.63%
Sales $44,350,000
Cost of goods sold $12,500,000
Average inventory $1,500,000
Lambda Inc.’s inventory turnover is:
A: 3.55.
Answer
B. 8.33.
Explanation
Inventory turnover = Cost of goods sold/Average inventory
Inventory turnover = $12,500,000/$1,500,000 = 8.33
Answer
A. 4.88%.
Explanation
g = (1 – Dividend payout ratio) (ROE)
g = (1 – 0.60)(0.122) = 0.0488 = 4.88%
Answer
B. 7.45%.
Explanation
E(R_i) = R_f + β_i[E(R_m) – R_f]
7.2% = 2.5% + (0.95)[E(R_m) – 2.5%]
E(R_m) = 7.45%
Answer
C. 41.10 days.
Explanation
Number of days of payables = Accounts payable/Average day’s purchases
Number of days of payables = $625,000/($5,550,000/365) = 41.10 days
Answer
C. $100.98.
Explanation
P_0 = D_1/(r – g)
P_0 = $5.15/(0.084 – 0.033) = $100.98
William, an investment manager, researches the historic geometric returns for the following asset classes:
| Asset Class | Geometric Return (%) |
| — | — |
| **Common stocks** | 7.2 |
| **High-yield bonds** | 5.8 |
| **T-bills** | 1.9 |
| **Inflation** | 3.3 |
Based on the information provided, the real rate of return for common stocks is:
Answer
A. 3.78%.
Explanation
(1 + r_real) = (1 + r)/(1 + π)
(1 + r_real) = 1.072/1.033
r_real = 1.0378 – 1 = 0.0378 = 3.78%
Answer
B. 2.42%.
Explanation
(1 + r_real) = (1 + r)/(1 + π)
(1 + r_real) = 1.058/1.033
r_real = 1.0242 – 1 = 0.0242 = 2.42%
Answer
B. 0.89.
Explanation
B_i = [(ρ_i,m)(σ_i)]/σ_m
B_i = [(0.75)(0.144)]/0.122 = 0.89
Answer
A. $54.35.
Explanation
P_p = D_p / r_p
P_p = [(0.0625)($100)] / 0.115 = $54.35
ratio is:
Answer
B. 39.7%.
Explanation
Dividend payout ratio = Dividend per share/Earnings per share
Dividend payout ratio = $2.45/$6.17 = 0.397 = 39.7%
Sales $850,000
Depreciation $120,000
Average net income $150,000
Average book value $400,000
Tax rate 30%
Based on the information provided, Beta Trading Company’s average accounting rate of return (AAR) is:
Answer
A. 37.5%.
Explanation
AAR = Average net income/Average book value
AAR = $150,000/$400,000 = 0.375 = 37.5%
Answer
B. 3.9%.
Explanation
After-tax cost of debt = ra(1 – t)
After-tax cost of debt = 0.065(1 – 0.4) = 0.039 = 3.9%
Answer
B. 0.052.
Explanation
U = E(r) – (1/2)Aσ^2
U = 0.085 – (0.5)(2)(0.183^2) = 0.052
Answer
A. 5.53%.
Explanation
Country risk premium = Sovereign yield spread x [Annualized standard deviation of equity index / Annualized standard deviation of the sovereign bond market in terms of the developed market currency]
Country risk premium = (0.066 – 0.034)(0.19 / 0.11) = 0.0553 = 5.53%
Epsilon Holdings, a large multinational corporation, acquires Zeta Manufacturing Company for $40 million. As a result of the acquisition, Epsilon Holdings’ standard deviation is reduced from 42% to 27%, and its correlation with the market decreases from 0.89 to 0.68. Assume the standard deviation and return of the market remains unchanged at 19% and 8%, respectively.
The beta of Epsilon Holdings before the acquisition was:
Answer
C. 1.97.
Explanation
B_i = [(ρ_i,m)(σ_i)]/σ_m
B_i = [(0.89)(0.42)]/0.19 = 1.97
Answer
B. 0.97.
Explanation
B_i = [(ρ_i,m)(σ_i)]/σ_m
B_i = [(0.68)(0.27)]/0.19 = 0.97
Answer
A. $1,450.
Explanation
Discount interest = (0.058)(3/12)($100,000) = $1,450
Answer
C. 6.09%.
Explanation
After-tax cost of debt = ra(1 – t)
After-tax cost of debt = 0.0846(1 – 0.28) = 0.0609 = 6.09%
